Oil and compound thereof.



WILLIAM N. .BIJAKEMAN,

PATENT OFFICE.-

J'R., OF NEW YORK, N. Y.

OIL AND COMPOUND THEREOF.

Specification of Letters Patent.

I Patented Apr. 11, 1911.

No Drawing. Application filed May 26, 1905, Serial No. 262,374. RenewedAugust 22, 1910. Serial No. 578,472.

To all whom 1' t may concern:

Be it known that I, IViLLIAM N. BLAKE- MAN, Jr., a citizen of the UnitedStates, and resident of the borough of Manhattan, in the city, county,and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvementsin Oils and Compounds Thereof, which invention is fully set forth in thefollowing specification.

The object of this invention is to treat oils in such a manner that,when a pigment is ground therein, a paint will be formed which will drysatisfactorily and be durable and permanent.

The invention consists in chlorinating an oil before a pigment is groundtherein, as will now be described in detail and then set forth in theclaims.

Any of the drying fatty oils (such as linseed, hemp, poppy or tung) orthe non-drying fatty oils (such as cotton, sunflower and corn) may bechlorinated in carrying out my invention.

Taking cotton oil, for example, I chlorinate it by passing chlorinthrough the mass of .oil, arranged in a tall column, until a slightchange of color in the oil is apparent; or by exposing the oil, in broadsurfaces, to the action of chlorin, using heat, pressure and agitationif necessary; or by subjecting the oil to any other suitable chlorinatinprocess.

When the oil has been chlorinated, I grind therein one or more pigments,and I prefer .those which are ordinarily deficient in carbonate andbarium sulfate.

spreading power when ground in oil, such as zinc oxid, zinc sulfid, leadcarbonate, lead sulfate, lead sulfite, sublimed lead, barium It will befound to be of decided advantage to use an oxid or a sulfid (which formy purpose is the equivalent of an oxid) either as a sole pigmentor'combined with others, as oxids and sulfids appear to form amoresatisfactory combination with'the chlorinated oil.

A drying oil, raw or oxidized (such as linseed or tung) or a commercialdrier, or both, may be added to the compound to accelerate its dryingwhen spread as a paint.

In many cases, and in particular when using a non-drying oil as avehicle, I have obtained better results by oxidizing the oil in additionto chlorinating it. Such oxidation may be effected by heating withoxidizers;

by introducing a portion of highlv oxidized matter soluble in, ormiscible with, the oil;

by elaidiuizing the oil; or by introducing a portion of elaidinizedmatter soluble in, or miscible with, the oil.

A combination of oils, either drying or nondrying, one or more of whichhave been chlorinated, may be used as a vehicle with very satisfactoryresults; and it 'will be found advantageous to allow the oils to standfor a few days for blending. 4 My invention is particularly adapted tothe non-drying fatty oils, as such oilswhen chlorinated and used aspaint-vehicles, either alone or in combination with drying oils, willform with all pigments ordinarily deficient in spreading power whenground in oil, paint-compounds, which will dry into smooth and toughfilms repelleut' to the elements and unaffected by climatic changes.

In most cases I prefer to incorporate in the vehicle, a proportion oftung oil, as its presence appears not only to accelerate the drying ofthe paint, but also to improve the surface and wearing qualities of thefilm.

The proportions of oils and pigments to be used can be easily regulatedin practice and are capable of considerable variation. If an oxid orsulfid be employed as a pigment, it may be used in such proportion as toform the sole pigment, or only a small proportion may be used and theremainder of the necessary quantity of pigment be formed by any of theother metallic salts above named. If sublimed lead be used as a pigmentI prefer to combine with it a proportion of free zinc oxid. A compoundof 100 parts of chlorinated cotton oil carrying 15 per cent. of tungoil, 120 parts of sublimed lead, and 80 parts of zinc sulfid, will, withthe usual quantity of liquid drier, form a satisfactory film when spreadas a paint. So also will a compound of 100 parts of chlorinated cottonoil carrying 10 per cent. of oxidized linseed oil, and 10 per cent.oftung oil, 120 parts of sublimed lead and 80 parts of zinc oxid.

Iron oxids and the ferruginous earths, when ground in a chlorinatednon-drying fatty oil will form cheap and permanent paints.

The degree of chlorination to be imparted to the oil will vary somewhatwith the charactor of the pigment to be used, but. in genera] the oilmay beregarrlerl as sufficiently chlorinated when a slight change incolor is of the film appear satisfactory, to arrest the sue, in order toobtain'exact results, would be'to test a small quantity of the oil fromtime to time, while being chlorinated, with the particular pigment withwhich it is'to be used, and, when the drying and surface chlorinationprocess. In addition to chlorinating the oil, the pigment may bechlorinated, if desired, by combining a metallic chlorid therewithbefore it is ground in oil, as described in my application filedherewith, Serial No. 262,373. And, if desired, a chlorinated agent maybe added to' the oil as described in my application No. 262,375. Or ametallic chlorid may be ground in the oil, plica-tion No. 262,376.

as described inmy ap- Heat, pressurevand agitation may be em- I atednon-drying fatty oil and tung oil.

, 3. A compound or mixture of an oil oxidized and chlorinated and tungoil.

4. A compound or mixture of a non-drying fatty oil oxidized andchlorinated, and

tung oil.

. WM. N. BLAKEMAN, JR.

Witnesses:

FRANCIS P. REIEEN, MABEL OQFAHNESTOCK.

